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Hip resurfacing has been developed as a surgical alternative to total hip replacement (THR). The procedure consists of placing a cap (usually made of cobalt-chrome metal), which is hollow and shaped like a mushroom, over the head of the femur while a matching metal cup (similar to what is used with a THR) is placed in the acetabulum ( pelvis ...
The prosthetic implant used in hip replacement consists of three parts: the acetabular cup, the femoral component, and the articular interface. Options exist for different people and indications. The evidence for a number of newer devices is not very good, including: ceramic-on-ceramic bearings, modular femoral necks, and uncemented monoblock ...
An orthopedic implant is a medical device manufactured to replace a missing joint or bone, or to support a damaged bone. [1] The medical implant is mainly fabricated using stainless steel and titanium alloys for strength and the plastic coating that is done on it acts as an artificial cartilage. [2]
For osseointegrated dental implants, metallic, ceramic, and polymeric materials have been used, in particular titanium. To be termed osseointegration the connection between the bone and the implant need not be 100%, and the essence of osseointegration derives more from the stability of the fixation than the degree of contact in histologic terms.
Stress shielding is the reduction in bone density ( osteopenia) as a result of removal of typical stress from the bone by an implant (for instance, the femoral component of a hip prosthesis ). [1]
Important information for the use of bone cement. What is referred to as bone cement implantation syndrome (BCIS) is described in the literature. [8] For a long time it was believed that the incompletely converted monomer released from bone cement was the cause of circulation reactions and embolism.
Materials that are used for biomedical or clinical applications are known as biomaterials. The following article deals with fifth generation biomaterials that are used for bone structure replacement. For any material to be classified for biomedical applications, three requirements must be met.
An implant is a medical device manufactured to replace a missing biological structure, support a damaged biological structure, or enhance an existing biological structure. For example, an implant may be a rod, used to strengthen weak bones.
Vitallium was developed by Albert W. Merrick for the Austenal Laboratories in 1932. Subperiosteal maxillary implant made of Vitallium 1977. In 2016 Norman Sharp, a 91-year-old British man, was recognised as having the world's oldest hip replacement implants.
Ti-6Al-7Nb (UNS designation R56700) is an alpha-beta titanium alloy first synthesized in 1977 containing 6% aluminum and 7% niobium. It features high strength and has similar properties as the cytotoxic vanadium containing alloy Ti-6Al-4V. Ti-6Al-7Nb is used as a material for hip prostheses. [1]