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  2. Magmatism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magmatism

    Not to be confused with Magnetism. Magmatism is the emplacement of magma within and at the surface of the outer layers of a terrestrial planet, which solidifies as igneous rocks. It does so through magmatic activity or igneous activity, the production, intrusion and extrusion of magma or lava. Volcanism is the surface expression of magmatism.

  3. Sill (geology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sill_(geology)

    Sill (geology) Illustration showing the difference between a dike and a sill. In geology, a sill is a tabular sheet intrusion that has intruded between older layers of sedimentary rock, beds of volcanic lava or tuff, or along the direction of foliation in metamorphic rock. A sill is a concordant intrusive sheet, meaning that it does not cut ...

  4. Volcanic plug - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volcanic_plug

    A volcanic plug, also called a volcanic neck or lava neck, is a volcanic object created when magma hardens within a vent on an active volcano. When present, a plug can cause an extreme build-up of high gas pressure if rising volatile -charged magma is trapped beneath it, and this can sometimes lead to an explosive eruption.

  5. Magma - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magma

    Magma (sometimes colloquially but incorrectly referred to as lava by laypeople) is found beneath the surface of the Earth, and evidence of magmatism has also been discovered on other terrestrial planets and some natural satellites. [3] Besides molten rock, magma may also contain suspended crystals and gas bubbles.

  6. Intrusive rock - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intrusive_rock

    Intrusive rock. Intrusive rock is formed when magma penetrates existing rock, crystallizes, and solidifies underground to form intrusions, such as batholiths, dikes, sills, laccoliths, and volcanic necks. [1] [2] [3] Intrusion is one of the two ways igneous rock can form. The other is extrusion, such as a volcanic eruption or similar event.

  7. Magmatic underplating - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magmatic_underplating

    Entrapment (or 'stalling out') of magmas within the crust occurs due to the difference in relative densities between the rising magma and the surrounding rock. Magmatic underplating can be responsible for thickening of the crust when the magma cools. [1] Geophysical seismic studies (as well as igneous petrology and geochemistry) utilize the ...

  8. Eruption column - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eruption_column

    Eruption columns form in explosive volcanic activity, when the high concentration of volatile materials in the rising magma causes it to be disrupted into fine volcanic ash and coarser tephra.

  9. Dike (geology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dike_(geology)

    Magma rising into the ring fracture produces a ring dike. Good examples of ring dikes and cone sheets are found in the Ardnamurchan peninsula of Scotland. Other special types. A feeder dike is a dike that acted as a conduit for magma moving from a magma chamber to a localized intrusion.

  10. 1001° Centigrades - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1001°_Centigrades

    1001° Centigrades, alternative title 2, is the second album by French rock band Magma, released on 5 October 1971. Future reissues use both titles as 2: 1001° Centigrades . The first track, "Rïah Sahïltaahk", was later re-recorded as a full-length studio album, Rïah Sahïltaahk, in 2014, as Christian Vander did not consider himself ...

  11. Magmatic water - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magmatic_water

    Magmatic water. Magmatic water, also known as juvenile water, is an aqueous phase in equilibrium with minerals that have been dissolved by magma deep within the Earth's crust and is released to the atmosphere during a volcanic eruption. It plays a key role in assessing the crystallization of igneous rocks, particularly silicates, as well as the ...