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Acute lymphoblastic leukemia represents approximately 20% of adults and 80% of childhood leukemias, making it the most common childhood cancer. Although 80 to 90% of children will have a long term complete response with treatment,: 1527 it remains the leading cause of cancer-related deaths among children.
In childhood, T-ALL patients can expect a 5-year event free survival and overall survival of, respectively, 70% and 80%. Amongst approximately 25% of children who relapse, survival rate sits at 30-50% and the patients show much poorer prognosis.
A small amount of HTLV-1 individuals progress to develop ATL with a long latency period between infection and ATL development. ATL is categorized into 4 subtypes: acute, smoldering, lymphoma-type, chronic. Acute and Lymphoma-type are known to particularity be aggressive with poorer prognosis.
Five-year survival rate is 65% in the United States. [4] In children under 15 in first-world countries, the five-year survival rate is greater than 60% or even 90%, depending on the type of leukemia. [13] In children with acute leukemia who are cancer-free after five years, the cancer is unlikely to return.
Acute leukemia or acute leukaemia is a family of serious medical conditions relating to an original diagnosis of leukemia. In most cases, these can be classified according to the lineage, myeloid or lymphoid , of the malignant cells that grow uncontrolled, but some are mixed and for those such an assignment is not possible.
Types include: [1] Large granular lymphocytic leukemia. Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma. T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia. In practice, it can be hard to distinguish T-cell leukemia from T-cell lymphoma, and they are often grouped together.
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