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Petzval portrait lens. The Petzval objective, or Petzval lens, is the first photographic portrait objective lens (with a 160 mm focal length) in the history of photography. [1] It was developed by the Slovak mathematics professor Joseph Petzval in 1840 in Vienna, [2] with technical advice provided by Peter Wilhelm Friedrich von Voigtländer [ de].
Wedge prism. The wedge prism is a prism with a shallow angle between its input and output surfaces. This angle is usually 3 degrees or less. Refraction at the surfaces causes the prism to deflect light by a fixed angle. When viewing a scene through such a prism, objects will appear to be offset by an amount that varies with their distance from ...
Calculator may also refer to: Calculator (software), a computer program that performs mathematical computations. Calculator (Windows), a computer program in Microsoft Windows. Calculator (Apple), a basic calculator application bundled with Apple devices. Calculator (Nintendo Switch), a paid application available for Nintendo Switch.
A catadioptric optical system is one where refraction and reflection are combined in an optical system, usually via lenses ( dioptrics) and curved mirrors ( catoptrics ). Catadioptric combinations are used in focusing systems such as searchlights, headlamps, early lighthouse focusing systems, optical telescopes, microscopes, and telephoto lenses.
Aberrations of the eye. The eye, like any other optical system, suffers from a number of specific optical aberrations. The optical quality of the eye is limited by optical aberrations, diffraction and scatter. [1] Correction of spherocylindrical refractive errors has been possible for nearly two centuries following Airy's development of methods ...
Orthokeratology, also referred to as Night lenses, Ortho-K, OK, Overnight Vision Correction, Corneal Refractive Therapy (CRT), Accelerated Orthokeretology, Cornea Corrective Contacts, Eccentricity Zero Molding, and Gentle Vision Shaping System (GVSS), is the use of gas-permeable contact lenses that temporarily reshape the cornea to reduce refractive errors such as myopia, hyperopia, and ...
This variation is called vignetting, and can be corrected by selectively brightening the perimeter of the image. Flat-field correction ( FFC) is a digital imaging technique to mitigate the image detector pixel-to-pixel sensitivity and distortions in the optical path. It is a standard calibration procedure in everything from personal digital ...
While this example has been rectilinear-corrected by software, high quality wide-angle lenses are built with optical rectilinear correction. In photography , a rectilinear lens is a photographic lens that yields images where straight features, such as the edges of walls of buildings, appear with straight lines, as opposed to being curved.