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A corrective lens is a transmissive optical device that is worn on the eye to improve visual perception. The most common use is to treat refractive errors: myopia, hypermetropia, astigmatism, and presbyopia. Glasses or "spectacles" are worn on the face a short distance in front of the eye.
An eyeglass prescription is an order written by an eyewear prescriber, such as an optometrist, that specifies the value of all parameters the prescriber has deemed necessary to construct and/or dispense corrective lenses appropriate for a patient.
For lenses (such as eye glasses ), a lens made from a high refractive index material will be thinner, and hence lighter, than a conventional lens with a lower refractive index. Such lenses are generally more expensive to manufacture than conventional ones.
Anti-reflection coatings are particularly suited to high- index lenses, as these reflect more light without the coating than a lower-index lens (a consequence of the Fresnel equations ). It is also generally easier and cheaper to coat high index lenses.
Flint glass is optical glass that has relatively high refractive index and low Abbe number (high dispersion ). Flint glasses are arbitrarily defined as having an Abbe number of 50 to 55 or less. The currently known flint glasses have refractive indices ranging between 1.45 and 2.00.
Abbe number. In optics and lens design, the Abbe number, also known as the V-number or constringence of a transparent material, is an approximate measure of the material's dispersion (change of refractive index versus wavelength), with high values of V indicating low dispersion.
Gradient-index ( GRIN) optics is the branch of optics covering optical effects produced by a gradient of the refractive index of a material. Such gradual variation can be used to produce lenses with flat surfaces, or lenses that do not have the aberrations typical of traditional spherical lenses.
Dual rotating axis grinding can be used for high index glass that isn't easily spin molded, as the CR-39 resin lens is. Techniques such as laser ablation can also be used to modify the curvature of a lens, but the polish quality of the resulting surfaces is not as good as those achieved with lapidary techniques.
In optics, chromatic aberration ( CA ), also called chromatic distortion and spherochromatism, is a failure of a lens to focus all colors to the same point. [1] It is caused by dispersion: the refractive index of the lens elements varies with the wavelength of light.
High optical power corresponds to short focal length. The SI unit for optical power is the inverse metre (m −1 ), which is commonly called the dioptre (symbol: dpt). Converging lenses have positive optical power, while diverging lenses have negative power.