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While only a small number of skin diseases account for most visits to the physician, thousands of skin conditions have been described. Classification of these conditions often presents many nosological challenges, since underlying etiologies and pathogenetics are often not known.
A skin condition, also known as cutaneous condition, is any medical condition that affects the integumentary system —the organ system that encloses the body and includes skin, nails, and related muscle and glands. [1] The major function of this system is as a barrier against the external environment. [2]
Dermatology is the branch of medicine dealing with the skin. [1] [2] It is a speciality with both medical and surgical aspects. [3] [4] [5] A dermatologist is a specialist medical doctor who manages diseases related to skin, hair, nails, and some cosmetic problems. [2] [6]
Atopic dermatitis ( AD ), also known as atopic eczema, is a long-term type of inflammation of the skin ( dermatitis ). [2] It results in itchy, red, swollen, and cracked skin. [2] Clear fluid may come from the affected areas, which can thicken over time. [2]
Vitiligo (/ ˌ v ɪ t ɪ ˈ l aɪ ɡ oʊ /) is a chronic autoimmune disorder that causes patches of skin to lose pigment or color. The cause of vitiligo is unknown, but it may be related to immune system changes, genetic factors, stress, or sun exposure.
A skin infection is an infection of the skin in humans and other animals, that can also affect the associated soft tissues such as loose connective tissue and mucous membranes. [ citation needed ] They comprise a category of infections termed skin and skin structure infections (SSSIs), or skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs), [1] and acute ...
Ichthyosis (also named fish scale disease) is a family of genetic skin disorders characterized by dry, thickened, scaly skin. The more than 20 types of ichthyosis range in severity of symptoms, outward appearance, underlying genetic cause and mode of inheritance (e.g., dominant, recessive, autosomal or X-linked).
Darier's disease (DAR) is a rare, inherited skin disorder that presents with multiple greasy, crusting, thick brown bumps that merge into patches. It is an autosomal dominant disorder discovered by French dermatologist Ferdinand-Jean Darier.
Skin and soft tissue infection, osteomyelitis, septic arthritis, or discitis: fever, cellulitis, arthritis, arthralgia, localized pain, decubitus ulcer, vascular insufficiency of the lower extremity, back pain, wound infection, or neurologic dysfunction
Cutaneous conditions. This category reflects the organization of International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, 10th Revision. Generally, diseases outlined within the ICD-10 codes L00–L99 within Chapter XII: Diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissue should be included in this category.