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  2. Melancholia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melancholia

    Physiognomy of the melancholic temperament (drawing by Thomas Holloway, c.1789, made for Johann Kaspar Lavater's Essays on Physiognomy). Melancholia or melancholy (from Greek: µέλαινα χολή melaina chole, [1] meaning black bile) [2] is a concept found throughout ancient, medieval, and premodern medicine in Europe that describes a condition characterized by markedly depressed mood ...

  3. Major depressive disorder - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Major_depressive_disorder

    Major depressive disorder (MDD), also known as clinical depression, is a mental disorder [ 9 ] characterized by at least two weeks of pervasive low mood, low self-esteem, and loss of interest or pleasure in normally enjoyable activities. Introduced by a group of US clinicians in the mid-1970s, [ 10 ] the term was adopted by the American ...

  4. Depressive personality disorder - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Depressive_personality...

    Depressive personality disorder (also known as melancholic personality disorder) is a psychiatric diagnosis that denotes a personality disorder with depressive features. Originally included in the American Psychiatric Association's DSM-II [ citation needed ] , depressive personality disorder was removed from the DSM-III and DSM-III-R .

  5. Atypical depression - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atypical_depression

    Atypical depression is defined in the DSM -IV as depression that shares many of the typical symptoms of major depressive disorder or dysthymia but is characterized by improved mood in response to positive events. In contrast to those with atypical depression, people with melancholic depression generally do not experience an improved mood in ...

  6. Endogenous depression - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endogenous_depression

    Endogenous depression. Endogenous depression (melancholia) is an atypical subclass of major depressive disorder (clinical depression). It could be caused by genetic and biological factors. [1] Endogenous depression occurs due to the presence of an internal (cognitive, biological) stressor instead of an external (social, environmental) stressor. [2]

  7. Mood disorder - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mood_disorder

    Depressive disorder (also known as depression) is a common mental disorder. It involves a depressed mood or loss of pleasure or interest in activities for long periods of time. Depression is different from regular mood changes and feelings about everyday life. It can affect all aspects of life.

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