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  2. Korematsu v. United States - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korematsu_v._United_States

    Korematsu v. United States, 323 U.S. 214 (1944), was a landmark decision by the Supreme Court of the United States that upheld the internment of Japanese Americans from the West Coast Military Area during World War II. The decision has been widely criticized, [1] with some scholars describing it as "an odious and discredited artifact of popular ...

  3. Law of war - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Law_of_war

    The law of war is the component of international law that regulates the conditions for initiating war ( jus ad bellum) and the conduct of hostilities ( jus in bello ). Laws of war define sovereignty and nationhood, states and territories, occupation, and other critical terms of law.

  4. Murphy's War - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murphy's_War

    Murphy's War is an Eastmancolor 1971 Panavision war film starring Peter O'Toole and Siân Phillips. It was directed by Peter Yates based on the 1969 novel by Max Catto. The film's cinematographer was Douglas Slocombe . The film is set in South America during World War II and focuses on a stubborn survivor of a sunken merchant ship who is ...

  5. Hirabayashi v. United States - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hirabayashi_v._United_States

    Hirabayashi v. United States, 320 U.S. 81 (1943), was a case in which the United States Supreme Court held that the application of curfews against members of a minority group were constitutional when the nation was at war with the country from which that group's ancestors originated. [1] The case arose out of the issuance of Executive Order ...

  6. Murphy's law - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murphy's_law

    Murphy's law. Murphy's law [a] is an adage or epigram that is typically stated as: "Anything that can go wrong will go wrong." In some formulations, it is extended to "Anything that can go wrong will go wrong, and at the worst possible time." Though similar statements and concepts have been made over the course of history, the law itself was ...

  7. Edward A. Murphy Jr. - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_A._Murphy_Jr.

    Pacific Theatre of World War II, Korean War. Other work. Research in aerospace engineering and reliability engineering. Edward Aloysius Murphy Jr. (January 11, 1918 – July 17, 1990 [1]) was an American aerospace engineer who worked on safety-critical systems. He is best known for his namesake "Murphy's law", which is said to be "Anything that ...

  8. Unintended consequences - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unintended_consequences

    An erosion gully in Australia caused by rabbits, an unintended consequence of their introduction as game animals. In the social sciences, unintended consequences (sometimes unanticipated consequences or unforeseen consequences, more colloquially called knock-on effects) are outcomes of a purposeful action that are not intended or foreseen.

  9. Duverger's law - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duverger's_law

    In political science, Duverger's law ( / ˈduvərʒeɪ / DOO-vər-zhay) refers to the observation that political systems with only one winner that fail the sincere favorite criterion typically result in two-party rule. [1] [2] [3] By contrast, systems that do not encourage lesser-evil voting or provide for proportional representation usually ...