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The 2001 insurgency in the Republic of Macedonia was an armed conflict which began when the ethnic Albanian National Liberation Army (NLA) insurgent group, formed from veterans of the Kosovo War and Insurgency in the Preševo Valley, attacked Macedonian security forces at the end of January 2001, and ended with the Ohrid Agreement, signed on 13 August of that same year.
Leon Trotsky and Leo Freundlich estimated that about 25,000 Albanians died in the Kosovo Vilayet by early 1913. [29] [3] Serbian journalist Kosta Novaković, who was a Serbian soldier during the Balkan wars, reported that over 120,000 Albanians were killed in Kosovo and Macedonia, and at least 50,000 were expelled to the Ottoman Empire and Albania.
Luan and Bekim Mazreku are two cousins, Kosovo Albanians, who joined the Kosovo Liberation Army (KLA) in the Kosovo War (1998–99) and allegedly committed atrocities against the Serb minority. The cousins testified on ten civilians executed by firing squad, and three women who were raped.
According to Serbian officials, the KLA killed 10 policemen and 24 civilians. [22] After escalating tensions between increasing Yugoslav security forces and the KLA, the Kosovo War started in February 1998. [23] [24] [25] The war itself was a parallel conflict between the Yugoslav Army and the KLA.
According to a 2010 assessment by John Sloboda, director of Iraq Body Count, 150,000 people including 122,000 civilians were killed in the Iraq War with U.S. and Coalition forces responsible for at least 22,668 insurgents as well as 13,807 civilians, with the rest of the civilians killed by insurgents, militias, or terrorists. [89]
[32] [33] Of these, UNAMA/AIHRC attributed 2,080 civilian deaths to insurgents and anti-government elements, representing 74.9% of the 2,777 Afghan civilian deaths they recorded in the war in 2010, and up 28% from 2009. 1,141 or 55% of these deaths were caused by suicide attacks and improvised explosive devices. [32] [33]
Commemoration of the victims of the bombing. NATO spokesperson Jamie Shea declared that the bridge was a military target. Locals said that the bridge was too narrow for tanks and it was attacked on a clear day instead of during the night, accusing NATO of deliberately killing civilians. [2]
A report from Human Rights Watch recorded 14 civilians deaths as a result of the attack, with another 28 injured. Večernje novosti reported 16 civilian deaths. [2] Civilian deaths were high as the attack occurred in the middle of the day when civilians were congregating in the streets and at the market where the death toll was greatest.