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Treatment. Watchful waiting, chemotherapy, immunotherapy [4] [5] Prognosis. Five-year survival ~88% (US) [3] Frequency. 904,000 (2015) [6] Deaths. 60,700 (2015) [7] Chronic lymphocytic leukemia ( CLL) is a type of cancer in which the bone marrow makes too many lymphocytes (a type of white blood cell ).
About 1-10% of CLL/SLLs develop a Richter's transformation at a rate of 0.5–1% per year. In earlier studies, the transformed disease was reported to be far more aggressive than CLL/SLL with overall median survival times (i.e. times in which 50% of cases remain alive) between 1.1 and 16.3 months.
The B-cell lymphomas are types of lymphoma affecting B cells. Lymphomas are "blood cancers" in the lymph nodes. They develop more frequently in older adults and in immunocompromised individuals. B-cell lymphomas include both Hodgkin's lymphomas and most non-Hodgkin lymphomas. They are typically divided into low and high grade, typically ...
However, HCL-V patients routinely survive for more than 10 years, and younger patients can likely expect a long life. Follow-up care [ edit ] Despite decade-long remissions and years of living very normal lives after treatment, hairy cell leukemia is officially considered an incurable disease.
Hard lump with a scaly top or ulceration. [1] Cutaneous squamous-cell carcinoma ( cSCC ), also known as squamous-cell carcinoma of the skin or squamous-cell skin cancer, is one of the three principal types of skin cancer, alongside basal-cell carcinoma and melanoma. [10] cSCC typically presents as a hard lump with a scaly surface, though it may ...
Coronary artery disease ( CAD ), also called coronary heart disease ( CHD ), ischemic heart disease ( IHD ), [13] myocardial ischemia, [14] or simply heart disease, involves the reduction of blood flow to the cardiac muscle due to build-up of atherosclerotic plaque in the arteries of the heart. [5] [6] [15] It is the most common of the ...
While some chemotherapeutic regiments have been shown to have transient effects, studies have not found any significant long-term effect on recurrence rate or life expectancy. As of 2015, there were no FDA-approved standard chemotherapy regimens for MCC treatment. [25]
CCL17 is a powerful chemokine produced in the thymus and by antigen-presenting cells like dendritic cells, macrophages, and monocytes. [5] CCL17 plays a complex role in cancer. It attracts T-regulatory cells allowing for some cancers to evade an immune response. [6]
Skin cancers are cancers that arise from the skin. They are due to the development of abnormal cells that have the ability to invade or spread to other parts of the body. [10] Skin cancer is the most commonly diagnosed form of cancer in humans. [11] [12] [13] There are three main types of skin cancers: basal-cell skin cancer (BCC), squamous ...
CCL21. Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 21 (CCL21) is a small cytokine belonging to the CC chemokine family. This chemokine is also known as 6Ckine (because it has six conserved cysteine residues instead of the four cysteines typical to chemokines), exodus-2, and secondary lymphoid-tissue chemokine (SLC).