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A randomness extractor, often simply called an "extractor", is a function, which being applied to output from a weak entropy source, together with a short, uniformly random seed, generates a highly random output that appears independent from the source and uniformly distributed.
In computing, a hardware random number generator (HRNG), true random number generator (TRNG), non-deterministic random bit generator (NRBG), or physical random number generator is a device that generates random numbers from a physical process capable of producing entropy (in other words, the device always has access to a physical entropy source ...
Typically, Soxhlet extraction is used when the desired compound has a limited solubility in a solvent, and the impurity is insoluble in that solvent. It allows for unmonitored and unmanaged operation while efficiently recycling a small amount of solvent to dissolve a larger amount of material.
A cryptographically secure pseudorandom number generator ( CSPRNG) or cryptographic pseudorandom number generator ( CPRNG) is a pseudorandom number generator (PRNG) with properties that make it suitable for use in cryptography. It is also referred to as a cryptographic random number generator ( CRNG ).
Fuzzy extractors are a biometric tool that allows for user authentication, using a biometric template constructed from the user's biometric data as the key, by extracting a uniform and random string from an input , with a tolerance for noise.
An nth root of a number x, where n is a positive integer, is any of the n real or complex numbers r whose n th power is x : Every positive real number x has a single positive n th root, called the principal n th root, which is written . For n equal to 2 this is called the principal square root and the n is omitted.
Stuffit Homepage. StuffIt Expander is a proprietary, freeware, closed source, decompression software utility developed by Allume Systems (a subsidiary of Smith Micro Software formerly known as Aladdin Systems). It runs on the classic Mac OS, macOS, and Microsoft Windows. Prior to 2011, a Linux version had also been available for download.
Cryptographically secure pseudorandom number generators‎ (10 P) I. ... Randomness extractor; Randomness merger; RC algorithm; Residual block termination;
In extractor theory, a randomness merger is a function which extracts randomness out of a set of random variables, provided that at least one of them is uniformly random.
Extractor functions were originally researched as a way to extract randomness from weakly random sources. See randomness extractor. Using the probabilistic method it is easy to show that extractor graphs with really good parameters exist.