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  2. Free-air gravity anomaly - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free-air_gravity_anomaly

    The free air correction is calculated from Newton's Law, as a rate of change of gravity with distance: g = G M R 2 d g d R = − 2 G M R 3 = − 2 g R {\displaystyle {\begin{aligned}g&={\frac {GM}{R^{2}}}\\{\frac {dg}{dR}}&=-{\frac {2GM}{R^{3}}}=-{\frac {2g}{R}}\end{aligned}}}

  3. Prism correction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prism_correction

    Prism dioptres. Prism correction is commonly specified in prism dioptres, a unit of angular measurement that is loosely related to the dioptre. Prism dioptres are represented by the Greek symbol delta (Δ) in superscript. A prism of power 1 Δ would produce 1 unit of displacement for an object held 100 units from the prism. [2]

  4. Esophoria - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esophoria

    Esophoria is an eye condition involving inward deviation of the eye, usually due to extra-ocular muscle imbalance. It is a type of heterophoria. Cause. Causes include: Refractive errors; Divergence insufficiency; Convergence excess; this can be due to nerve, muscle, congenital or mechanical anomalies.

  5. Esotropia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esotropia

    Esotropia is a form of strabismus in which one or both eyes turn inward. The condition can be constantly present, or occur intermittently, and can give the affected individual a "cross-eyed" appearance. [1] It is the opposite of exotropia and usually involves more severe axis deviation than esophoria. Esotropia is sometimes erroneously called ...

  6. Van der Pauw method - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Van_der_Pauw_method

    The van der Pauw Method is a technique commonly used to measure the resistivity and the Hall coefficient of a sample. Its power lies in its ability to accurately measure the properties of a sample of any arbitrary shape, as long as the sample is approximately two-dimensional (i.e. it is much thinner than it is wide), solid (no holes), and the ...

  7. Roark's Formulas for Stress and Strain - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roark's_Formulas_for_Stress...

    It also features expanded tables and cases, improved notations and figures within the tables, consistent table and equation numbering, and verification of correction factors. The formulas are organized into tables in a hierarchical format: chapter, table, case, subcase, and each case and subcase is accompanied by diagrams.

  8. Strabismus - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strabismus

    Incomitant strabismus cannot be fully corrected by prism glasses, because the eyes would require different degrees of prismatic correction dependent on the direction of the gaze. Incomitant strabismus of the eso- or exo-type are classified as "alphabet patterns": they are denoted as A- or V- or more rarely λ -, Y- or X-pattern depending on the ...

  9. Free-space path loss - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free-space_path_loss

    Free-space path loss. In telecommunication, the free-space path loss ( FSPL) (also known as free-space loss, FSL) is the attenuation of radio energy between the feedpoints of two antennas that results from the combination of the receiving antenna's capture area plus the obstacle-free, line-of-sight (LoS) path through free space (usually air). [1]

  10. Pressure-correction method - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pressure-correction_method

    The correction for the velocity that is obtained from the second equation one has with incompressible flow, the non-divergence criterion or continuity equation. is computed by first calculating a residual value , resulting from spurious mass flux, then using this mass imbalance to get a new pressure value. The pressure value that is attempted ...

  11. Gravity anomaly - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravity_anomaly

    The gravity anomaly is the difference between the observed acceleration of an object in free fall ( gravity) near a planet's surface, and the corresponding value predicted by a model of the planet's gravitational field. [1] Typically the model is based on simplifying assumptions, such as that, under its self-gravitation and rotational motion ...