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  2. Four prism dioptre reflex test - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Four_prism_dioptre_reflex_test

    Purpose. assess alignment of both eyes. The Four Prism Dioptre Reflex Test (also known as the 4 PRT, or 4 Prism Dioptre Base-out Test) is an objective, non-dissociative test used to prove the alignment of both eyes (i.e. the presence of binocular single vision) by assessing motor fusion. [1] Through the use of a 4 dioptre base out prism ...

  3. Prism (optics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prism_(optics)

    Eye care professionals use prisms, as well as lenses off axis, to treat various orthoptics problems: Diplopia (double vision) Positive and negative fusion problems [ambiguous] [citation needed] Prism spectacles with a single prism perform a relative displacement of the two eyes, thereby correcting eso-, exo, hyper- or hypotropia.

  4. Eye disease - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eye_disease

    H15-H22 Disorders of sclera, cornea, iris and ciliary body. (H15.0) Scleritis — a painful inflammation of the sclera. (H16) Keratitis — inflammation of the cornea. (H16.0) Corneal ulcer / Corneal abrasion — loss of the surface epithelial layer of the eye's cornea. (H16.1) Snow blindness / Arc eye — a painful condition caused by exposure ...

  5. Dissociated vertical deviation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dissociated_vertical_deviation

    Dissociated vertical deviation. Dissociated vertical deviation ( DVD) is an eye condition which occurs in association with a squint, typically infantile esotropia. The exact cause is unknown, although it is logical to assume it is from faulty innervation of eye muscles.

  6. Aberrations of the eye - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aberrations_of_the_eye

    Aberrations of the eye. The eye, like any other optical system, suffers from a number of specific optical aberrations. The optical quality of the eye is limited by optical aberrations, diffraction and scatter. [1] Correction of spherocylindrical refractive errors has been possible for nearly two centuries following Airy's development of methods ...

  7. Prism adaptation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prism_Adaptation

    Prism adaptation. Prism adaptation is a sensory-motor adaptation that occurs after the visual field has been artificially shifted laterally or vertically. It was first introduced by Hermann von Helmholtz in late 19th-century Germany as supportive evidence for his perceptual learning theory (Helmholtz, 1909/1962). [1]

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