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James Bert Garner. James B. Garner at age 45 around the time he invented the gas mask. Two associates of James Bert Garner wearing his original gas masks. James Bert Garner (September 2, 1870 – November 28, 1960) was an American chemical engineer and professor at the Mellon Institute of Industrial Research from 1914 until his retirement in 1957.
Prism correction is measured in prism dioptres. A prescription that specifies prism correction will also specify the "base". The base is the thickest part of the lens and is opposite from the apex. Light will be bent towards the base and the image will be shifted towards the apex.
Either BASE IN for an exodeviation (eye turned out), BASE OUT for an esodeviation (eye turned in), BASE UP for a hypodeviation (eye turned down) or BASE DOWN for a hyperdeviation (eye turned up).
When measuring horizontal fusion ranges, base in prisms assess fusional divergence while base out prisms assess fusional convergence. [3] The vertical fusional vergence amplitude can also be measured with base up and base down prisms although the horizontal PFR is typically the main focus when testing.
If the patient saw a red line to the left and white light to the right, they are said to have exotropia or exophoria (crossed diplopia) in which base in (BI) prisms of increasing strength are used until the lines are superimposed.
The Black Veil Respirator. The German army used chlorine as a poison gas for the first time against Allied troops at the Second Battle of Ypres on 22 April 1915. [1] As an immediate response, the British began issuing cotton wool wrapped in muslin to its troops by 3 May. [2] This was followed by the Black Veil Respirator, invented by John Scott ...