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Thus a prism of 1 Δ would produce 1 cm visible displacement at 100 cm, or 1 meter. This can be represented mathematically as: = where is the amount of prism correction in prism dioptres, and is the angle of deviation of the light.
Some suggest that better metrics for ligand efficiency are percentage/potency efficiency index (PEI), binding efficiency index (BEI) and surface-binding efficiency index (SEI) because they are easier to calculate and take into account the differences between elements in different rows of the periodic table. It is important to note that PEI is a ...
The formula is: τ 4 = 360 ∘ − ( α + β ) 360 ∘ − 2 θ ≈ − 0.00709 α − 0.00709 β + 2.55 {\displaystyle \tau _{4}={\frac {360^{\circ }-(\alpha +\beta )}{360^{\circ }-2\theta }}\approx -0.00709\alpha -0.00709\beta +2.55}
Unit cell with water molecules, used to simulate flowing water. Periodic boundary conditions (PBCs) are a set of boundary conditions which are often chosen for approximating a large (infinite) system by using a small part called a unit cell. PBCs are often used in computer simulations and mathematical models. The topology of two-dimensional PBC ...
The formula for Volume Correction Factor is commonly defined as: V C F = C T L = exp { − α T Δ T [ 1 + 0.8 α T ( Δ T + δ T ) ] } {\displaystyle VCF=C_{TL}=\exp\{-\alpha _{T}\Delta T[1+0.8\alpha _{T}(\Delta T+\delta _{T})]\}}
The chemical elements are what the periodic table classifies and organises. Hydrogen is the element with atomic number 1; helium , atomic number 2; lithium , atomic number 3; and so on. Each of these names can be further abbreviated by a one- or two-letter chemical symbol ; those for hydrogen, helium, and lithium are respectively H, He, and Li ...
Experimental electron energy loss spectrum, showing the major features: zero-loss peak, plasmon peaks and core loss edge. Electron energy loss spectroscopy ( EELS) is a form of electron microscopy in which a material is exposed to a beam of electrons with a known, narrow range of kinetic energies. Some of the electrons will undergo inelastic ...
For typical ionic solids, the cations are smaller than the anions, and each cation is surrounded by coordinated anions which form a polyhedron.The sum of the ionic radii determines the cation-anion distance, while the cation-anion radius ratio + / (or /) determines the coordination number (C.N.) of the cation, as well as the shape of the coordinated polyhedron of anions.
In the analysis of the molecular formula of organic molecules, the degree of unsaturation (DU) (also known as the index of hydrogen deficiency (IHD), double bond equivalents (DBE), or unsaturation index) is a calculation that determines the total number of rings and π bonds.
The Higgs boson, sometimes called the Higgs particle, [9] [10] is an elementary particle in the Standard Model of particle physics produced by the quantum excitation of the Higgs field, [11] [12] one of the fields in particle physics theory. [12] In the Standard Model, the Higgs particle is a massive scalar boson with zero spin, even (positive ...