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  2. Hypertropia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypertropia

    Hypertropia is a condition of misalignment of the eyes ( strabismus ), whereby the visual axis of one eye is higher than the fellow fixating eye. Hypotropia is the similar condition, focus being on the eye with the visual axis lower than the fellow fixating eye. Dissociated vertical deviation is a special type of hypertropia leading to slow ...

  3. Caldwell-Luc surgery - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caldwell-Luc_surgery

    Caldwell-Luc surgery, Caldwell-Luc operation, also known as Caldwell-Luc antrostomy, and Radical antrostomy, is an operation to remove irreversibly damaged mucosa of the maxillary sinus. It is done when maxillary sinusitis is not cured by medication or other non-invasive technique. The approach is mainly from the anterior wall of the maxilla bone.

  4. Refractive surgery - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Refractive_surgery

    Refractive surgery. Refractive surgery is optional eye surgery used to improve the refractive state of the eye and decrease or eliminate dependency on glasses or contact lenses. This can include various methods of surgical remodeling of the cornea ( keratomileusis ), lens implantation or lens replacement.

  5. Corrective lens - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corrective_lens

    Corrective lens. A pair of contact lenses, positioned with the concave side facing upward. A corrective lens is a transmissive optical device that is worn on the eye to improve visual perception. The most common use is to treat refractive errors: myopia, hypermetropia, astigmatism, and presbyopia.

  6. Endoscopic thoracic sympathectomy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endoscopic_thoracic...

    Endoscopic thoracic sympathectomy. Endoscopic thoracic sympathectomy ( ETS) is a surgical procedure in which a portion of the sympathetic nerve trunk in the thoracic region is destroyed. [1] [2] ETS is used to treat excessive sweating in certain parts of the body ( focal hyperhidrosis ), facial blushing, Raynaud's disease and reflex sympathetic ...

  7. Prism (optics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prism_(optics)

    Prism (optics) An optical prism is a transparent optical element with flat, polished surfaces that are designed to refract light. At least one surface must be angled — elements with two parallel surfaces are not prisms. The most familiar type of optical prism is the triangular prism, which has a triangular base and rectangular sides.

  8. Myopia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myopia

    Optical correction using glasses or contact lenses is the most common treatment; other approaches include orthokeratology, and refractive surgery.: 21–26 Medications (mostly atropine) and vision therapy can be effective in addressing the various forms of pseudomyopia. Compensating for myopia using a corrective lens. Glasses and contacts

  9. Transvaginal mesh - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transvaginal_mesh

    Transvaginal mesh. Transvaginal mesh, also known as vaginal mesh implant, is a net-like surgical tool that is used to treat pelvic organ prolapse (POP) and stress urinary incontinence (SUI) among female patients. The surgical mesh is placed transvaginally to reconstruct weakened pelvic muscle walls and to support the urethra or bladder.