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An analog VU meter with peak LED. A volume unit (VU) meter or standard volume indicator (SVI) is a device displaying a representation of the signal level in audio equipment.. The original design was proposed in the 1940 IRE paper, A New Standard Volume Indicator and Reference Level, written by experts from CBS, NBC, and Bell Telephone Laboratories. [1]
A peak programme meter (PPM) is an instrument used in professional audio that indicates the level of an audio signal. Different kinds of PPM fall into broad categories: True peak programme meter. This shows the peak level of the waveform no matter how brief its duration. Quasi peak programme meter (QPPM). This only shows the true level of the ...
A peak meter is a type of measuring instrument that visually indicates the instantaneous level of an audio signal that is passing through it (a sound level meter). In sound reproduction, the meter, whether peak or not, is usually meant to correspond to the perceived loudness of a particular signal. The term peak is used to denote the meter's ...
Programme level is often measured using a peak programme meter or a VU meter. The level of an audio signal is among the most basic of measurements, and yet widespread misunderstanding and disagreement about programme levels has become arguably the greatest single obstacle to high quality sound reproduction.
Loudness monitoring of programme levels is needed in radio and television broadcasting, as well as in audio post production.Traditional methods of measuring signal levels, such as the peak programme meter and VU meter, do not give the subjectively valid measure of loudness that many would argue is needed to optimise the listening experience when changing channels or swapping disks.
Broadcast-safe video (broadcast legal or legal signal) is a term used in the broadcast industry to define video and audio compliant with the technical or regulatory broadcast requirements of the target area or region the feed might be broadcasting to. [1] In the United States, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) is the regulatory ...
Multimeter. Analog multimeter. Digital multimeter. A multimeter (also known as a volt-ohm-milliammeter, volt-ohmmeter or VOM) [1] is a measuring instrument that can measure multiple electrical properties. [2][3] A typical multimeter can measure voltage, resistance, and current, [4] in which case can be used as a voltmeter, ohmmeter, and ammeter.
IEEE 152-1991 says that 0 VU is 1 mW into "a resistance equal to the magnitude of the circuit impedance", which agrees with 0 dBm. "0 VU is +4 dbm and represents a voltage level of 1.228 volts." [1] "For a pure sine wave, 0 VU = 1 dBm," [2] hints that the discrepancy is due to an "isolating resistor". "0 VU is defined to be a level of +4 dBu ...