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Exophoria is a form of heterophoria in which there is a tendency of the eyes to deviate outward. During examination, when the eyes are dissociated, the visual axes will appear to diverge away from one another. The axis deviation in exophoria is usually mild compared with that of exotropia.
Heterophoria is an eye condition in which the directions that the eyes are pointing at rest position, when not performing binocular fusion, are not the same as each other, or, "not straight". This condition can be esophoria, where the eyes tend to cross inward in the absence of fusion; exophoria, in which they diverge; or hyperphoria, in which ...
Yoked prism can move the image away from primary gaze without the need for a constant head tilt or turn. Prism correction is measured in prism dioptres. A prescription that specifies prism correction will also specify the "base". The base is the thickest part of the lens and is opposite from the apex.
Incomitant strabismus cannot be fully corrected by prism glasses, because the eyes would require different degrees of prismatic correction dependent on the direction of the gaze. Incomitant strabismus of the eso- or exo-type are classified as "alphabet patterns": they are denoted as A- or V- or more rarely λ -, Y- or X-pattern depending on the ...
Esophoria is an eye condition involving inward deviation of the eye, usually due to extra-ocular muscle imbalance. It is a type of heterophoria. Cause. Causes include: Refractive errors; Divergence insufficiency; Convergence excess; this can be due to nerve, muscle, congenital or mechanical anomalies.
If the patient saw a red line to the right and white light to the left, they are said to have esotropia or esophoria (uncrossed diplopia) in which base out (BO) prisms of increasing strength are used until the lines are superimposed.
If the eye was exotropic, covering the fixating eye will cause an inwards movement; and if esotropic, covering the fixating eye will cause an outwards movement. The alternating cover test, or cross cover test is used to detect total deviation (tropia + phoria).
The name horror fusionis (Latin phrase literally meaning "fear of fusion") arises from the notion that the brain is, or at least appears to be, actively preventing binocular fusion. The condition is an extreme type of binocular fusion deficiency. [1]
Ophthalmology. Exotropia is a form of strabismus where the eyes are deviated outward. It is the opposite of esotropia and usually involves more severe axis deviation than exophoria. People with exotropia often experience crossed diplopia. Intermittent exotropia is a fairly common condition.
Efforts must first be made to identify and treat the underlying cause of the problem. Treatment options include eye exercises, [2] wearing an eye patch on alternative eyes, [2] [24] prism correction, [26] [24] [27] and in more extreme situations, surgery [5] [28] or botulinum toxin. [29]