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Neurology, ophthalmology. Diplopia is the simultaneous perception of two images of a single object that may be displaced horizontally or vertically in relation to each other. [1] Also called double vision, it is a loss of visual focus under regular conditions, and is often voluntary.
The distance between the two eyes on an adult is almost always 6.5 cm and that is the same distance in shift of an image when viewing with only one eye. Retinal disparity is the separation between objects as seen by the left eye and the right eye and helps to provide depth perception.
Patients may have up to 3D of anisometropia before the condition becomes clinically significant due to headache, eye strain, double vision or photophobia. [4] In certain types of anisometropia, the visual cortex of the brain cannot process images from both eyes simultaneously ( binocular summation ), but will instead suppress the central vision ...
Ocular dominance, sometimes called eye preference or eyedness, is the tendency to prefer visual input from one eye to the other. It is somewhat analogous to the laterality of right- or left-handedness; however, the side of the dominant eye and the dominant hand do not always match.
The inability of an eye to turn outward, results in a convergent strabismus or esotropia of which the primary symptom is diplopia (commonly known as double vision) in which the two images appear side-by-side. Thus, the diplopia is horizontal and worse in the distance.
The most common symptoms are double vision and eyelid drooping , whereas the pupil is always spared. Diplopia occurs when MG affects a single extraocular muscle in one eye, limiting eye movement and leading to double vision when the eye is turned toward the affected muscle.