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A nail disease or onychosis is a disease or deformity of the nail. Although the nail is a structure produced by the skin and is a skin appendage, nail diseases have a distinct classification as they have their own signs and symptoms which may relate to other medical conditions. Some nail conditions that show signs of infection or inflammation ...
Onychomycosis, also known as tinea unguium, [4] is a fungal infection of the nail. [2] Symptoms may include white or yellow nail discoloration, thickening of the nail, and separation of the nail from the nail bed. [2] Fingernails may be affected, but it is more common for toenails. [3] Complications may include cellulitis of the lower leg. [3]
Paronychia is an inflammation of the skin around the nail, which can occur suddenly, when it is usually due to the bacterium Staphylococcus aureus, or gradually when it is commonly caused by the fungus Candida albicans. [2] [3] [4] The term is from Greek: παρωνυχία from para 'around', onyx 'nail', and the abstract noun suffix -ia.
Onychomadesis is a periodic idiopathic shedding of the nails beginning at the proximal end, possibly caused by the temporary arrest of the function of the nail matrix.: 784 : 660 One cause in children is hand, foot, and mouth disease. This generally resolves without complication.
Leukonychia. Other names. White nails or Milk spots [1] Specialty. Dermatology. Leukonychia (or leuconychia) is a medical term for white discoloration appearing on nails. [2] It is derived from the Greek words leuko 'white' and onyx 'nail'. The most common cause is injury to the base of the nail (the matrix) where the nail is formed.
Trachonychia. Trachyonychia is a condition characterized by rough accentuated linear ridges (longitudinal striations) on the nails of the fingers and toes. [3] When the condition occurs on all the twenty nails of the fingers and toes, it is known as twenty-nail dystrophy, most evident in childhood, [4] favoring males. [2] [5]
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