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In statistics, an effect size is a value measuring the strength of the relationship between two variables in a population, or a sample-based estimate of that quantity. It can refer to the value of a statistic calculated from a sample of data, the value of a parameter for a hypothetical population, or to the equation that operationalizes how ...
In statistics, the strictly standardized mean difference (SSMD) is a measure of effect size. It is the mean divided by the standard deviation of a difference between two random values each from one of two groups.
In statistics, Cohen's h, popularized by Jacob Cohen, is a measure of distance between two proportions or probabilities. Cohen's h has several related uses: It can be used to describe the difference between two proportions as "small", "medium", or "large".
An effect size measure quantifies the strength of an effect, such as the distance between two means in units of standard deviation (cf. Cohen's d ), the correlation coefficient between two variables or its square, and other measures.
It may also be considered a general measure of effect size, quantifying the "magnitude" of the effect of one variable on another. For simple linear regression with orthogonal predictors, the standardized regression coefficient equals the correlation between the independent and dependent variables.
A method of reporting the effect size for the Mann–Whitney U test is with a measure of rank correlation known as the rank-biserial correlation. Edward Cureton introduced and named the measure. [22] Like other correlational measures, the rank-biserial correlation can range from minus one to plus one, with a value of zero indicating no ...
The Z-factor is a measure of statistical effect size. It has been proposed for use in high-throughput screening (HTS), where it is also known as Z-prime, [1] to judge whether the response in a particular assay is large enough to warrant further attention.
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The structural size effect concerns structures made of the same material, with the same microstructure. It must be distinguished from the size effect of material inhomogeneities, particularly the Hall-Petch effect, which describes how the material strength increases with decreasing grain size in polycrystalline metals .
Rapoport's rule. Rapoport's rule is an ecogeographical rule that states that latitudinal ranges of plants and animals are generally smaller at lower latitudes than at higher latitudes.