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  2. Hypertropia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypertropia

    Prism therapy (if tolerated, to manage diplopia) Vision Therapy. Patching (mainly to manage amblyopia in children and diplopia in adults) Botulinum toxin injection. Surgical correction. Surgical correction of the hypertropia is desired to achieve binocularity, manage diplopia and/or correct the cosmetic defect.

  3. Maddox rod - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maddox_rod

    The Maddox rod test can be used to subjectively detect and measure a latent, manifest, horizontal or vertical strabismus for near and distance. The test is based on the principle of diplopic projection. [1] Dissociation of the deviation is brought about by presenting a red line image to one eye and a white light to the other, while prisms are ...

  4. Prism correction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prism_correction

    Eye care professionals use prism correction as a component of some eyeglass prescriptions. A lens which includes some amount of prism correction will displace the viewed image horizontally, vertically, or a combination of both directions. The most common application for this is the treatment of strabismus. By moving the image in front of the deviated eye, double vision can be avoided and ...

  5. Prism cover test - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prism_Cover_Test

    The prism cover test ( PCT) is an objective measurement and the gold standard in measuring strabismus, i.e. ocular misalignment, or a deviation of the eye. [1] It is used by ophthalmologists and orthoptists in order to measure the vertical and horizontal deviation and includes both manifest and latent components. [1] Manifest is defined by the eye deviating constantly or intermittently ...

  6. Strabismus - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strabismus

    Strabismus can occur due to muscle dysfunction, farsightedness, problems in the brain, trauma, or infections. [3] Risk factors include premature birth, cerebral palsy, and a family history of the condition. [3] Types include esotropia, where the eyes are crossed ("cross eyed"); exotropia, where the eyes diverge ("lazy eyed" or "wall eyed"); and hypertropia or hypotropia where they are ...

  7. Prism coupler - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prism_coupler

    A prism coupler is used to couple the power from an incident laser beam into a thin film. The film lies on a substrate such as a glass microscope slide and might have a thickness of the order of the wavelength of the incident light (0.550 μm for green light). The refractive index of the film is made greater than that of the glass slide, the ...

  8. Abbe–Koenig prism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abbe–Koenig_prism

    An Abbe–Koenig prism is a type of reflecting prism, used to invert an image (rotate it by 180°). They are commonly used in binoculars and some telescopes for this purpose. The prism is named after Ernst Abbe and Albert Koenig . The prism is made from two glass prisms, which are optically cemented together to form a symmetric, shallow Vee ...

  9. Sixth nerve palsy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sixth_nerve_palsy

    Sixth nerve palsy, or abducens nerve palsy, is a disorder associated with dysfunction of cranial nerve VI (the abducens nerve ), which is responsible for causing contraction of the lateral rectus muscle to abduct (i.e., turn out) the eye. [1] The inability of an eye to turn outward, results in a convergent strabismus or esotropia of which the ...

  10. Bagolini Striated Glasses Test - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagolini_Striated_Glasses_Test

    Bagolini striated glasses test, or BSGT, is a subjective clinical test to detect the presence or extent of binocular functions and is generally performed by an optometrist or orthoptist or ophthalmologist (medical/surgical eye doctor). It is mainly used in strabismus clinics. Through this test, suppression, microtropia, diplopia and manifest deviations can be noted. However this test should ...

  11. Pitch correction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pitch_correction

    Pitch correction. Pitch correction is an electronic effects unit or audio software that changes the intonation (highness or lowness in pitch) of an audio signal so that all pitches will be notes from the equally tempered system (i.e., like the pitches on a piano ). Pitch correction devices do this without affecting other aspects of its sound.