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The prism cover test (PCT) is an objective method to measure ocular misalignment or strabismus. It involves using prism bars, occluder and targets to neutralise the deviation and record the angle and base of the prism.
Prentice's rule is a formula to calculate the amount of prism correction in a lens based on decentration and lens power. It can be used for prescribing, tolerance control, or determining unprescribed prism in eyeglasses.
Exotropia is a form of strabismus where the eyes are deviated outward, causing crossed diplopia and loss of binocular vision. Learn about the signs, symptoms, causes, and treatment options for exotropia, such as glasses, patching, exercises, surgery, and vision therapy.
The Hirschberg test, also known as the Hirschberg corneal reflex test, is a method to assess ocular misalignment by observing the light reflex on the cornea. It can detect exotropia, esotropia, hypertropia or hypotropia and is used in optometry and ophthalmology.
Learn about the surgical options to correct the misalignment of the eyes caused by strabismus, a condition that affects the extraocular muscles. Find out how the procedures are performed, what indications they have, and when they were first developed.
CPEO stands for chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia, a condition that affects the ability to move the eyes and eyebrows. It is often associated with other symptoms of mitochondrial disease, such as muscle weakness, hearing loss, and retinal abnormalities.
Sixth nerve palsy, also known as abducens nerve palsy, is a disorder of the eye muscle that causes double vision and inability to turn the eye outward. It can be caused by various factors, such as diabetes, trauma, tumors, infections, or increased intracranial pressure, and affects different parts of the nerve along its pathway.
Learn about the different types of optical prisms, such as dispersive, reflective, beam-splitting and polarizing prisms, and how they refract, reflect or split light. Find out how prisms are made of transparent materials like glass, acrylic or fluorite, and how they can create spectra, images or polarizations.