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A prism of power 1 Δ would produce 1 unit of displacement for an object held 100 units from the prism. Thus a prism of 1 Δ would produce 1 cm visible displacement at 100 cm, or 1 meter. This can be represented mathematically as: = where is the amount of prism correction in prism dioptres, and is the angle of deviation of the light.
The Prandtl–Glauert transformation is a mathematical technique which allows solving certain compressible flow problems by incompressible-flow calculation methods. It also allows applying incompressible-flow data to compressible-flow cases.
one can calculate the incident angle θ 1 = θ B at which no light is reflected: n 1 sin θ B = n 2 sin ( 90 ∘ − θ B ) = n 2 cos θ B . {\displaystyle n_{1}\sin \theta _{\mathrm {B} }=n_{2}\sin(90^{\circ }-\theta _{\mathrm {B} })=n_{2}\cos \theta _{\mathrm {B} }.}
Thomas precession gives a correction to the precession of a Foucault pendulum. For a Foucault pendulum located in the city of Nijmegen in the Netherlands the correction is: ω ≈ 9.5 ⋅ 10 − 7 a r c s e c o n d s / d a y . {\displaystyle \omega \approx 9.5\cdot 10^{-7}\,\mathrm {arcseconds} /\mathrm {day} .}
Amblyopia. Anisometropia is a condition in which a person's eyes have substantially differing refractive power. [1] Generally, a difference in power of one diopter (1D) is the threshold for diagnosis of the condition . [2] [3] Patients may have up to 3D of anisometropia before the condition becomes clinically significant due to headache, eye ...
The free-air correction is the amount that must be added to a measurement at height to correct it to the reference level: δ g F = 2 g R × h {\displaystyle \delta g_{F}={\frac {2g}{R}}\times h} Here we have assumed that measurements are made relatively close to the surface so that R does not vary significantly.
1 m −1. Illustration of the relationship between optical power in dioptres and focal length in metres. A dioptre ( British spelling) or diopter ( American spelling ), symbol dpt, is a unit of measurement with dimension of reciprocal length, equivalent to one reciprocal metre, 1 dpt = 1 m−1. It is normally used to express the optical power ...
Lorentz factor. where and v is the relative velocity between two inertial frames . For two frames at rest, γ = 1, and increases with relative velocity between the two inertial frames. As the relative velocity approaches the speed of light, γ → ∞. Time dilation (different times t and t' at the same position x in same inertial frame)
The three-point bending flexural test provides values for the modulus of elasticity in bending , flexural stress , flexural strain and the flexural stress–strain response of the material. This test is performed on a universal testing machine (tensile testing machine or tensile tester) with a three-point or four-point bend fixture.
For the case of a lens of thickness d in air (n 1 = n 2 = 1), and surfaces with radii of curvature R 1 and R 2, the effective focal length f is given by the Lensmaker's equation: 1 f = ( n − 1 ) ( 1 R 1 − 1 R 2 + ( n − 1 ) d n R 1 R 2 ) , {\displaystyle {\frac {1}{f}}=(n-1)\left({\frac {1}{R_{1}}}-{\frac {1}{R_{2}}}+{\frac {(n-1)d}{nR_{1 ...