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Removing or reinserting the wall is reversible, but the entropy increases when the barrier is removed by the amount. which is in contradiction to thermodynamics if you re-insert the barrier. This is the Gibbs paradox. The paradox is resolved by postulating that the gas particles are in fact indistinguishable.
Prism dioptres. Prism correction is commonly specified in prism dioptres, a unit of angular measurement that is loosely related to the dioptre. Prism dioptres are represented by the Greek symbol delta (Δ) in superscript. A prism of power 1 Δ would produce 1 unit of displacement for an object held 100 units from the prism. [2]
It deviates in the ultraviolet and infrared regions. In optics, Cauchy's transmission equation is an empirical relationship between the refractive index and wavelength of light for a particular transparent material. It is named for the mathematician Augustin-Louis Cauchy, who originally defined it in 1830 in his article "The refraction and ...
Fine structure. Interference fringes, showing fine structure (splitting) of a cooled deuterium source, viewed through a Fabry–Pérot interferometer. In atomic physics, the fine structure describes the splitting of the spectral lines of atoms due to electron spin and relativistic corrections to the non-relativistic Schrödinger equation.
Lamé's stress ellipsoid is an alternative to Mohr's circle for the graphical representation of the stress state at a point. The surface of the ellipsoid represents the locus of the endpoints of all stress vectors acting on all planes passing through a given point in the continuum body. In other words, the endpoints of all stress vectors at a ...
Prandtl–Glauert transformation. The Prandtl–Glauert transformation is a mathematical technique which allows solving certain compressible flow problems by incompressible -flow calculation methods. It also allows applying incompressible-flow data to compressible-flow cases.
v. t. e. The two-body problem in general relativity (or relativistic two-body problem) is the determination of the motion and gravitational field of two bodies as described by the field equations of general relativity. Solving the Kepler problem is essential to calculate the bending of light by gravity and the motion of a planet orbiting its sun.
In condensed matter and atomic physics, Van Vleck paramagnetism refers to a positive and temperature -independent contribution to the magnetic susceptibility of a material, derived from second order corrections to the Zeeman interaction. The quantum mechanical theory was developed by John Hasbrouck Van Vleck between the 1920s and the 1930s to ...