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Vitiligo ( / ˌvɪtɪˈlaɪɡoʊ /) is a chronic autoimmune disorder that causes patches of skin to lose pigment or color. [1] The cause of vitiligo is unknown, but it may be related to immune system changes, genetic factors, stress, or sun exposure. [5] [6] Treatment options include topical medications, light therapy, surgery and cosmetics.
Skin condition. A skin condition, also known as cutaneous condition, is any medical condition that affects the integumentary system —the organ system that encloses the body and includes skin, nails, and related muscle and glands. [1] The major function of this system is as a barrier against the external environment. [2]
The skin weighs an average of four kilograms, covers an area of two square metres, and is made of three distinct layers: the epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous tissue. The two main types of human skin are: glabrous skin, the hairless skin on the palms and soles (also referred to as the "palmoplantar" surfaces), and hair-bearing skin.
Ichthyosis (also named fish scale disease) [1] is a family of genetic skin disorders characterized by dry, thickened, scaly skin. [2] The more than 20 types of ichthyosis range in severity of symptoms, outward appearance, underlying genetic cause and mode of inheritance (e.g., dominant, recessive, autosomal or X-linked ). [3]
Psoriasis is a long-lasting, noncontagious autoimmune disease characterized by patches of abnormal skin. [4] [5] These areas are red, pink, or purple, dry, itchy, and scaly. [8] [3] Psoriasis varies in severity from small localized patches to complete body coverage. [3] Injury to the skin can trigger psoriatic skin changes at that spot, which ...
Scleroderma is a group of autoimmune diseases that may result in changes to the skin, blood vessels, muscles, and internal organs. [2] [6] [8] The disease can be either localized to the skin or involve other organs, as well. [2] Symptoms may include areas of thickened skin, stiffness, feeling tired, and poor blood flow to the fingers or toes ...
Schamberg's disease, or progressive pigmented purpuric dermatosis, is a chronic discoloration of the skin which usually affects the legs and often spreads slowly. This disease is more common in males and may occur at any age from childhood onward. This condition is observed worldwide and has nothing to do with race or ethnic background.
Rosacea is a long-term skin condition that typically affects the face. [2] [3] It results in redness, pimples, swelling, and small and superficial dilated blood vessels. [2] Often, the nose, cheeks, forehead, and chin are most involved. [3]