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Where is the sample size, = / is the fraction of the sample from the population, () is the (squared) finite population correction (FPC), is the unbiassed sample variance, and (¯) is some estimator of the variance of the mean under the sampling design. The issue with the above formula is that it is extremely rare to be able to directly estimate ...
The effect of Yates's correction is to prevent overestimation of statistical significance for small data. This formula is chiefly used when at least one cell of the table has an expected count smaller than 5. Unfortunately, Yates's correction may tend to overcorrect.
An alternative correction that is believed to be less conservative is the Huynh–Feldt correction (1976). As a general rule of thumb, the Greenhouse–Geisser correction is the preferred correction method when the epsilon estimate is below 0.75. Otherwise, the Huynh–Feldt correction is preferred. See also. Mauchly's sphericity test
Gamma correction is a type of power law function whose exponent is the Greek letter gamma ( γ ). It should not be confused with the mathematical Gamma function. The lower case gamma, γ, is a parameter of the former; the upper case letter, Γ, is the name of (and symbol used for) the latter (as in Γ ( x )).
The Bonferroni correction compensates for that increase by testing each individual hypothesis at a significance level of , where is the desired overall alpha level and is the number of hypotheses. [4] For example, if a trial is testing hypotheses with a desired overall , then the Bonferroni correction would test each individual hypothesis at .
This addition of 1/2 to x is a continuity correction. Poisson. A continuity correction can also be applied when other discrete distributions supported on the integers are approximated by the normal distribution. For example, if X has a Poisson distribution with expected value λ then the variance of X is also λ, and
This formula is valid only if the eight values with which we began form the complete population. If the values instead were a random sample drawn from some large parent population (for example, they were 8 students randomly and independently chosen from a class of 2 million), then one divides by 7 (which is n − 1) instead of 8 (which is n) in the denominator of the last formula, and the ...
The Scherrer equation, in X-ray diffraction and crystallography, is a formula that relates the size of sub- micrometre crystallites in a solid to the broadening of a peak in a diffraction pattern. It is often referred to, incorrectly, as a formula for particle size measurement or analysis. It is named after Paul Scherrer.