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Malay (/ m ə ˈ l eɪ / mə-LAY; Malay: Bahasa Melayu, Jawi: بهاس ملايو) is an Austronesian language that is an official language of Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia, and Singapore, and that is also spoken in East Timor and parts of Thailand.
The Malayic languages are a branch of the Malayo-Polynesian subgroup of the Austronesian language family. [1] The most prominent member is Malay, a pluricentric language given national status in Brunei and Singapore while also the basis for national standards Malaysian in Malaysia and Indonesian in Indonesia.
The Indonesian-Malaysian orthography reform of 1972 was a joint effort between Indonesia and Malaysia to harmonize the spelling system used in their national languages, which are both forms of the Malay language. For the most part, the changes made in the reform are still used today.
The national flag of Malaysia, also known as the Stripes of Glory (Malay: Jalur Gemilang), is composed of a field of 14 alternating red and white stripes along the fly and a blue canton bearing a crescent and a 14-point star known as the Bintang Persekutuan (Federal Star).
Malaysia is a federal constitutional elective monarchy; the only federal country in Southeast Asia. [72] The system of government is closely modelled on the Westminster parliamentary system, a legacy of British rule. [73] The head of state is the King, whose official title is the Yang di-Pertuan Agong.
Bahasa Malaysia and Bahasa Melayu are used interchangeably in reference to Malay in Malaysia. Malay was designated as a national language by the Singaporean government after independence from Britain in the 1960s to avoid friction with Singapore's Malay-speaking neighbours of Malaysia and Indonesia. [21]
Malaysian Malay (Malay: Bahasa Melayu Malaysia), also known as Standard Malay (Bahasa Melayu piawai), Bahasa Malaysia (lit. ' Malaysian language ' ), or simply Malay , is a standardized form of the Malay language used in Malaysia and also used in Brunei and Singapore (as opposed to the variety used in Indonesia , which is referred to as the ...
The Indonesian Wikipedia ( Indonesian: Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia, WBI for short) is the edition of Wikipedia in the Indonesian language. The Indonesian Wikipedia is the fifth-fastest-growing Wikipedia in an Asian language after the Japanese, Chinese, Korean, and Turkish language Wikipedias. It ranks 25th in terms of depth among Wikipedias.
Malaysia is a modern concept, created in the second half of the 20th century. However, contemporary Malaysia regards the entire history of Malaya and Borneo, spanning thousands of years back to prehistoric times, as its history. The first evidence for archaic human occupation can be dated to at least 1.83 million years ago, while the earliest ...
Iontophoresis is a process of transdermal drug delivery by use of a voltage gradient on the skin. [1] [2] Molecules are transported across the stratum corneum by electrophoresis and electroosmosis and the electric field can also increase the permeability of the skin.