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  1. MS - Morgan Stanley

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  3. Multiple sclerosis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiple_sclerosis

    Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease in which the insulating covers of nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord are damaged. This damage disrupts the ability of parts of the nervous system to transmit signals, resulting in a range of signs and symptoms, including physical, mental, and sometimes psychiatric problems.

  4. Pathophysiology of multiple sclerosis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pathophysiology_of...

    Pathophysiology of multiple sclerosis. Multiple sclerosis is an inflammatory demyelinating disease of the CNS in which activated immune cells invade the central nervous system and cause inflammation, neurodegeneration, and tissue damage. The underlying cause is currently unknown.

  5. Neuroregeneration - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neuroregeneration

    Neuroregeneration involves the regrowth or repair of nervous tissues, cells or cell products. Neuroregenerative mechanisms may include generation of new neurons, glia, axons, myelin, or synapses. Neuroregeneration differs between the peripheral nervous system (PNS) and the central nervous system (CNS) by the functional mechanisms involved ...

  6. Pathology of multiple sclerosis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/.../Pathology_of_multiple_sclerosis

    Multiple sclerosis (MS) can be pathologically defined as the presence of distributed glial scars in the central nervous system that must show dissemination in time (DIT) and in space (DIS) to be considered MS lesions. The scars that give the name to the condition are produced by the astrocyte cells attempting to heal old lesions.

  7. Demyelinating disease - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demyelinating_disease

    Demyelinating diseases can be divided in those affecting the central nervous system (CNS) and those affecting the peripheral nervous system (PNS). They can also be classified by the presence or absence of inflammation.

  8. Neurodegenerative disease - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neurodegenerative_disease

    A neurodegenerative disease is caused by the progressive loss of structure or function of neurons, in the process known as neurodegeneration. Such neuronal damage may ultimately involve cell death. Neurodegenerative diseases include amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's disease ...

  9. Central nervous system disease - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_nervous_system_disease

    Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, inflammatory demyelinating disease, meaning that the myelin sheath of neurons is damaged. Symptoms of MS include visual and sensation problems, muscle weakness, numbness and tingling all over, muscle spasms, poor coordination, and depression .

  10. Schwann cell - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schwann_cell

    Nerves in the PNS consist of many axons myelinated by Schwann cells. If damage occurs to a nerve, the Schwann cells aid in digestion of its axons (phagocytosis). Following this process, the Schwann cells can guide regeneration by forming a type of tunnel that leads toward the target neurons.

  11. Upper motor neuron - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Upper_motor_neuron

    Upper motor neurons ( UMNs) is a term introduced by William Gowers in 1886. They are found in the cerebral cortex and brainstem and carry information down to activate interneurons and lower motor neurons, which in turn directly signal muscles to contract or relax.

  12. Medium spiny neuron - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medium_spiny_neuron

    Medium spiny neurons ( MSNs ), also known as spiny projection neurons ( SPNs ), are a special type of GABAergic inhibitory cell representing 95% of neurons within the human striatum, a basal ganglia structure. [1] Medium spiny neurons have two primary phenotypes (characteristic types): D1-type MSNs of the direct pathway and D2-type MSNs of the ...

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