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  2. Magma - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magma

    Magma (sometimes colloquially but incorrectly referred to as lava by laypeople) is found beneath the surface of the Earth, and evidence of magmatism has also been discovered on other terrestrial planets and some natural satellites. [3] Besides molten rock, magma may also contain suspended crystals and gas bubbles.

  3. Tholeiitic magma series - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tholeiitic_Magma_Series

    A magma series is a chemically distinct range of magma compositions that describes the evolution of a mafic magma into a more evolved, silica rich end member. Rock types of the tholeiitic magma series include tholeiitic basalt, ferro-basalt, tholeiitic basaltic andesite, tholeiitic andesite, dacite and rhyolite.

  4. Magma ocean - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magma_ocean

    Magma oceans are integral parts of planetary formation as they facilitate the formation of a core through metal segregation [3] and an atmosphere and hydrosphere through degassing. [4] Evidence exists to support the existence of magma oceans on both the Earth and the Moon. [1] [5] Magma oceans may survive for millions to tens of millions of ...

  5. Magmatism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magmatism

    Magmatism is the emplacement of magma within and at the surface of the outer layers of a terrestrial planet, which solidifies as igneous rocks. It does so through magmatic activity or igneous activity , the production, intrusion and extrusion of magma or lava .

  6. Igneous differentiation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Igneous_differentiation

    Igneous differentiation. In geology, igneous differentiation, or magmatic differentiation, is an umbrella term for the various processes by which magmas undergo bulk chemical change during the partial melting process, cooling, emplacement, or eruption.

  7. Volcanic and igneous plumbing systems - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volcanic_and_igneous...

    When magma stops ascending, the freezing of magma bodies or the arrest of magma supply lead to the formation of magma reservoirs. Magma emplacement can take place at any depth above the source rock. Magma emplacement is primarily controlled by the internal forces of magma including buoyancy and magma pressure.