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The equation was first published in 1950 at the end of a paper by Yoichiro Nambu, but without derivation. [2] A graphical representation of the Bethe–Salpeter equation, showing its recursive definition. Due to its common application in several branches of theoretical physics, the Bethe–Salpeter equation appears in many forms.
The resulting equation is of 4th order but, unlike Euler–Bernoulli beam theory, there is also a second-order partial derivative present. Physically, taking into account the added mechanisms of deformation effectively lowers the stiffness of the beam, while the result is a larger deflection under a static load and lower predicted ...
The Eötvös effect is the change in measured Earth's gravity caused by the change in centrifugal acceleration resulting from eastbound or westbound velocity.When moving eastbound, the object's angular velocity is increased (in addition to Earth's rotation), and thus the centrifugal force also increases, causing a perceived reduction in gravitational force.
Conversely, if is a normal deviate with parameters and , then this distribution can be re-scaled and shifted via the formula = / to convert it to the standard normal distribution. This variate is also called the standardized form of X {\textstyle X} .
The hypsometric equation, also known as the thickness equation, relates an atmospheric pressure ratio to the equivalent thickness of an atmospheric layer considering the layer mean of virtual temperature, gravity, and occasionally wind. It is derived from the hydrostatic equation and the ideal gas law.
The equation of time is the east or west component of the analemma, a curve representing the angular offset of the Sun from its mean position on the celestial sphere as viewed from Earth. The equation of time values for each day of the year, compiled by astronomical observatories, were widely listed in almanacs and ephemerides. [2] [3]: 14
"The Ornstein–Zernike equation and integral equations". cbp.tnw.utwente.nl. "Multilevel wavelet solver for the Ornstein–Zernike equation" (PDF). ncsu.edu (Abstract). "Analytical solution of the Ornstein–Zernike equation for a multicomponent fluid" (PDF). iop.org. "The Ornstein–Zernike equation in the canonical ensemble". iop.org
The Spearman–Brown prediction formula, also known as the Spearman–Brown prophecy formula, is a formula relating psychometric reliability to test length and used by psychometricians to predict the reliability of a test after changing the test length. [1] The method was published independently by Spearman (1910) and Brown (1910). [2] [3]