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Prentice's rule, named so after the optician Charles F. Prentice, is a formula used to determine the amount of induced prism in a lens: = where: P is the amount of prism correction (in prism dioptres) c is decentration (the distance between the pupil centre and the lens's optical centre, in millimetres)
The most general form of Cauchy's equation is. where n is the refractive index, λ is the wavelength, A, B, C, etc., are coefficients that can be determined for a material by fitting the equation to measured refractive indices at known wavelengths.
In quantum mechanics, perturbation theory is a set of approximation schemes directly related to mathematical perturbation for describing a complicated quantum system in terms of a simpler one. The idea is to start with a simple system for which a mathematical solution is known, and add an additional "perturbing" Hamiltonian representing a weak ...
Classical mechanics is the branch of physics used to describe the motion of macroscopic objects. It is the most familiar of the theories of physics. The concepts it covers, such as mass , acceleration , and force , are commonly used and known. [2]
Lorentz transformation. The following notations are used very often in special relativity: Lorentz factor. where and v is the relative velocity between two inertial frames . For two frames at rest, γ = 1, and increases with relative velocity between the two inertial frames. As the relative velocity approaches the speed of light, γ → ∞.
A dioptre ( British spelling) or diopter ( American spelling ), symbol dpt, is a unit of measurement with dimension of reciprocal length, equivalent to one reciprocal metre, 1 dpt = 1 m−1. It is normally used to express the optical power of a lens or curved mirror, which is a physical quantity equal to the reciprocal of the focal length ...
Planck–Einstein equation and de Broglie wavelength relations. P = ( E/c, p) is the four-momentum, K = (ω/ c, k) is the four-wavevector, E = energy of particle. ω = 2π f is the angular frequency and frequency of the particle. ħ = h /2π are the Planck constants. c = speed of light. Schrödinger equation.
Aberration (astronomy) A diagram showing how the apparent position of a star viewed from the Earth can change depending on the Earth's velocity. The effect is typically much smaller than illustrated. In astronomy, aberration (also referred to as astronomical aberration, stellar aberration, or velocity aberration) is a phenomenon where celestial ...
The free-air gravity anomaly is given by the equation: = (+) Here, is observed gravity, is the free-air correction, and is theoretical gravity.
Here is a unit vector in the direction of the flow/current/flux. Quantity (common name/s) (Common) symbol/s. Defining equation. SI units. Dimension. Flow velocity vector field. u. u = u ( r , t ) {\displaystyle \mathbf {u} =\mathbf {u} \left (\mathbf {r} ,t\right)\,\!}