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The Edwards equation in organic chemistry is a two-parameter equation for correlating nucleophilic reactivity, as defined by relative rate constants, with the basicity of the nucleophile (relative to protons) and its polarizability.
Prentice's rule, named so after the optician Charles F. Prentice, is a formula used to determine the amount of induced prism in a lens: = where: P is the amount of prism correction (in prism dioptres) c is decentration (the distance between the pupil centre and the lens's optical centre, in millimetres)
The Scherrer equation, in X-ray diffraction and crystallography, is a formula that relates the size of sub-micrometre crystallites in a solid to the broadening of a peak in a diffraction pattern. It is often referred to, incorrectly, as a formula for particle size measurement or analysis.
A burning apparatus consisting of two biconvex lens. A lens is a transmissive optical device that focuses or disperses a light beam by means of refraction.A simple lens consists of a single piece of transparent material, while a compound lens consists of several simple lenses (elements), usually arranged along a common axis.
In liquids it usually decreases with increasing temperature, whereas, in most gases, viscosity increases with increasing temperature. This article discusses several models of this dependence, ranging from rigorous first-principles calculations for monatomic gases, to empirical correlations for liquids. Understanding the temperature dependence ...
The Benesi–Hildebrand method is a mathematical approach used in physical chemistry for the determination of the equilibrium constant K and stoichiometry of non-bonding interactions. This method has been typically applied to reaction equilibria that form one-to-one complexes, such as charge-transfer complexes and host–guest molecular ...
The Bethe–Salpeter equation (named after Hans Bethe and Edwin Salpeter) describes the bound states of a two-body (particles) quantum field theoretical system in a relativistically covariant formalism.
A chemical equation is the symbolic representation of a chemical reaction in the form of symbols and chemical formulas. The reactant entities are given on the left-hand side and the product entities are on the right-hand side with a plus sign between the entities in both the reactants and the products, and an arrow that points towards the ...
The result for two conducting spheres in a solvent is the formula of Marcus G = ( 1 2 r 1 + 1 2 r 2 − 1 R ) ⋅ ( 1 ϵ opt − 1 ϵ s ) ⋅ ( Δ e ) 2 {\displaystyle G=\left({\frac {1}{2r_{1}}}+{\frac {1}{2r_{2}}}-{\frac {1}{R}}\right)\cdot \left({\frac {1}{\epsilon _{\text{opt}}}}-{\frac {1}{\epsilon _{\text{s}}}}\right)\cdot (\Delta e)^{2}}
Schröder's equation is an eigenvalue equation for the composition operator C h that sends a function f to f(h(.)). If a is a fixed point of h , meaning h ( a ) = a , then either Ψ( a ) = 0 (or ∞ ) or s = 1 .