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With the fall of the Exarchate and the weakening of Byzantine power, the Duchy of Venice arose, led by a doge and established on the island of Rialto; it prospered from maritime trade with the Byzantine Empire and other eastern states. To safeguard the trade routes, between the 9th and 11th centuries the Duchy waged several wars, which ensured ...
Byzantine historian Robert Thomson writes that it was not the officially established hierarchy of the church that spread Christianity in Armenia; "It was the unorganized activity of wandering holy men that brought about the Christianization of the populace at large". [243]
Thallóczy himself amalgamated traditional Albanian elements like the eagle, the wolf and the red and black colors with prevailing oriental religious symbols of the era, such as the crescent moon and the horse's tail, symbols of the Ottoman Empire, uniformly embraced by the nominal Muslim majority of Albanians.
The Byzantine Empire under Andronikos II Palaiologos and Andronikos III Palaiologos was raided by the Golden Horde between 1320 and 1341, until the Byzantine port of Vicina Macaria was occupied. Friendly relations were established with the Byzantine Empire for a brief period after Öz Beg married Andronikos III Palaiologos 's illegitimate ...
Ibn Sina (Persian: ابن سینا, romanized: Ibn Sīnā; c. 980 – 22 June 1037 CE), commonly known in the West as Avicenna (/ ˌ æ v ɪ ˈ s ɛ n ə, ˌ ɑː v ɪ-/), was a preeminent philosopher and physician of the Muslim world, [4] [5] flourishing during the Islamic Golden Age, serving in the courts of various Iranian rulers. [6]
This tradition can trace its origin to the Byzantine Empire, from c. 500 AD, where blue was "the colour of an empress". A more practical explanation for the use of this colour is that in Medieval and Renaissance Europe, the blue pigment was derived from the rock lapis lazuli , a stone of greater value than gold, which was imported from Afghanistan.
The global African diaspora is the worldwide collection of communities descended from people from Africa, predominantly in the Americas. [47] The African populations in the Americas are descended from haplogroup L genetic groups of native Africans.