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Watchful waiting, chemotherapy, immunotherapy [4] [5] Prognosis. Five-year survival ~88% (US) [3] Frequency. 904,000 (2015) [6] Deaths. 60,700 (2015) [7] Chronic lymphocytic leukemia ( CLL) is a type of cancer in which the bone marrow makes too many lymphocytes (a type of white blood cell ). [2] [8] Early on, there are typically no symptoms. [2]
About 1-10% of CLL/SLLs develop a Richter's transformation at a rate of 0.5–1% per year. In earlier studies, the transformed disease was reported to be far more aggressive than CLL/SLL with overall median survival times (i.e. times in which 50% of cases remain alive) between 1.1 and 16.3 months.
However, the shortened survival times in high-count CLL/SLL MBL does not appear due to its progression to CLL/SLL. Rather, this shortened survival appears due to the disorders' susceptibility to serious infections, other types of cancers, immune cytopenias, and renal disease.
Differential diagnosis: Infectious mononucleosis, acute myeloid leukemia, lymphoblastic lymphoma, aplastic anemia: Treatment: Chemotherapy, stem cell transplantation, radiation therapy, targeted therapy: Prognosis: Children: 90% five-year survival rate Adults: 35% five-year survival: Frequency: 1 in 1,750 children: Deaths: 111,000 (2015)
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) most often affects adults over the age of 55. It sometimes occurs in younger adults, but it almost never affects children. Two-thirds of affected people are men. The five-year survival rate is 85%. It is incurable, but there are many effective treatments.
As the end stage of multiple myeloma that has failed or broken through one or more therapeutic regimens, sPCL continues to be highly refractory to various treatment regimens (<50%), very short response times of these regiments, and poor overall survival rates (median survival of 2–8 to months).
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