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The errors associated with ignoring virtual temperature correction for smaller CAPE values can be quite significant. [9] Thus, in the early stages of convective storm formation, a virtual temperature correction is significant in identifying the potential intensity in tropical cyclogenesis. [10]
Figure 2. Geometry of a prism compressor Figure 3. Effective pathlength for a prism compressor with A = 100 mm, θ = 55°, and α = 10°. The colors correspond to different values of B, where B = 67.6 mm means that the beam barely hits the tips of both prisms at refractive index 1.6.
The free-air correction adjusts measurements of gravity to what would have been measured at mean sea level, that is, on the geoid. The gravitational attraction of Earth below the measurement point and above mean sea level is ignored and it is imagined that the observed gravity is measured in air, hence the name.
The Šidák correction is derived by assuming that the individual tests are independent. Let the significance threshold for each test be α 1 {\displaystyle \alpha _{1}} ; then the probability that at least one of the tests is significant under this threshold is (1 - the probability that none of them are significant).
The equation is named after Henry Darcy and Julius Weisbach. Currently, there is no formula more accurate or universally applicable than the Darcy-Weisbach supplemented by the Moody diagram or Colebrook equation. [1] The Darcy–Weisbach equation contains a dimensionless friction factor, known as the Darcy friction factor. This is also ...
In 1905, "Einstein believed that Planck's theory could not be made to agree with the idea of light quanta, a mistake he corrected in 1906." [133] Contrary to Planck's beliefs of the time, Einstein proposed a model and formula whereby light was emitted, absorbed, and propagated in free space in energy quanta localized in points of space. [132]
The formula is still valid if x is a complex number, and is also called Euler's formula in this more general case. [1] Euler's formula is ubiquitous in mathematics, physics, chemistry, and engineering. The physicist Richard Feynman called the equation "our jewel" and "the most remarkable formula in mathematics". [2]
With respect to FWER control, the Bonferroni correction can be conservative if there are a large number of tests and/or the test statistics are positively correlated. [ 9 ] Multiple-testing corrections, including the Bonferroni procedure, increase the probability of Type II errors when null hypotheses are false, i.e., they reduce statistical ...